De cuerpo presente: un estudio de evitación del trabajo

Herman Frank Littlewood Zimmerman

Resumen


La evitación del trabajo se manifiesta como una renuncia psicológica que motiva a los empleados a evadir sus responsabilidades laborales, fingir que se trabaja y realizar el mínimo esfuerzo requerido para mantener el empleo. Los resultados del cuestionario aplicado a 154 empleados de cuatro organizaciones mexicanas señalan que el 21.4% de los participantes reporta que el trabajo se evita y sugieren una probable trayectoria que explica el 19% de la varianza de la evitación del trabajo. La trayectoria inicia con entrevistas de selección imprecisas y se consolida posteriormente con la percepción de bajos niveles de justicia organizacional.

Abstract

Job avoidance or psychological resignation drives employees to neglect work duties, to pretend work and to exert a low level of effort. Results of a questionnaire administered to 154 employees in four Mexican organizations, reveal that 21.4% of employees avoid work and a probable path that explains 19% of variance of job avoidance. The path starts with unrealistic job previews and later consolidates with perceptions of low organizational justice. 


Palabras clave


Entrevista; Justicia Organizacional; Evitación del Trabajo; Interview; Organizational Justice And Job Avoidance.

Texto completo:

PDF

Referencias


Adams, J.S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 267-299). New York: Academic Press.

Eisenberger, R., Cummings, J. Armeki, S., and Lynch, P. (1997). Perceived Organizational Support, discretionary treatment, and job satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82, 812-820.

Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., y Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 3, 500-507.

Griffeth, R.W.; Hom, P.W. & Gaertner, S. (2000). AMeta-Analysis of Antecedents and Correlates of Employee Turnover: Update, Moderator Tests, and Research Implications for the Next Millennium. Journal of Management, 26, 463-470.

Hom, P; Griffeth, R.W.; & Bracker, J.S. (1998). An exploratory investigation into theorical mechanisms underlying realistic job previews. Personnel Psychology, 51, 421-451.

Hom, P & Kinicki, A. J. (2001). Toward a grater understanding of how dissatisfaction drives employee turnover. Academy of Management Journal, 44, 5.

Hosmer, L. & Kiewitz, C. (2005). Organizational Justice: A behavioral science concept with critical implications for business ethics and stakeholder theory. Business Ethics Quartely, 15, 1, 67-91.

Hulin, C.; Romowski, M.; & Hachiya, D. (1985). Alternative opportunities and withdrawal decisions: Empirical and theoretical discrepancies and an integration. Psychological Bulletin, 97: 233-250.

Jamieson, S. (2004). Likert scales: how to (ab)use them. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Medical Education, 38, 1217-1218.

Kammeyer-Mueller, J.D. & Wanberg, C.R. (2003). Unwrapping the Organizational Entry Process: Disentangling Multiple Antecedents and Their Pathways to Adjustment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 5.

Krauz, M.; Koslowsky, M.; & Eiser, A. (1998). Distal and proximal influences on turnover intentions and satisfaction: Support for a withdrawal progression theory. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 52: 59-71.

Littlewood, H. (2004). Análisis factorial Confirmatorio y Modelamiento de Ecuación Estructural de Variables Afectivas y Cognitivas asociadas a la Rotación de Personal. Revista Interamericana de Psicología Ocupacional, 23, 1, Pág. 27-3.

Littlewood, H.; Flores, R; Castañeda, A.; y Mercado, P. (2005). Entrevista Realista de Selección, Satisfacción en el Trabajo e Intención de Permanencia. X Foro de Investigación de la FCA-UNAM.

March, J.G. & Simon, H.A. (1958). Organizations. New York: Wiley.

Mobley, W.H. (1977). Intermediate linkages in the relationship between job satisfaction and employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62, 237-240.

Mowday, R.T.L; Porter, L.W.; & Steers, R.M. (1982). Employee-Organizational linkages: The psychology of Commitment, Absenteeism and Turnover. Academic Press.

Pell, G. (2005). Use and misuse of Likert scales. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Medical Education 39, 970.

Premack S.L. & Wanous J.P. (1985). A mem-analysis of realistic job preview experiments. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70, 706-719.

Rosse, J. G. & Hulin, C. L. (1985). Adaptation to work: An analysis of employee health, withdrawal, and change. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 36, 324-347.

Sheridan, J. (1985). A catastrophe model of employee withdrawal leading to low job performance, high absenteeism, and job turnover during the first year of employment. Academy of Management Journal, 28: 88-109.

Shore, L. M., & Wayne, S.J. (1993). Commitment and Employee Behavior. Comparison of Affective and Continuance Commitent with Perceived Organizatonal Support. Journal of Applied Psychology; 78, 5, 774-780.

Simons, T. & Roberson, Q. (2003). Why Manager Should Care About Fairness: The Effects of Aggregate Justice Perceptions on Organizational Outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 3, 432-443.

Tekleab, A.; Takeuchi, R.; & Taylor, M.S. (2005). Extending the chain of relationships among organizational justice, social exchange, and employee reactions: The role of contract violations. Academy of Management Journal, 48, 1,146-157.

Tett, R.P. & Meyer, J.P. (1993). Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and turnover: Path analyses based on meta-analytical findings. Personel Psychology, 46, 259-265.

Yang, J; Peng, T.K; & Mossholder, K. (2004). Procedural Justice, Climate and Group Power Distance Orientation: A case of Cross-Level Effects. Department of Management, Louisiana State University, USA.


Enlaces refback

  • No hay ningún enlace refback.


Licencia de Creative Commons
Este obra está bajo una licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.

ISSN: 2539-5238 (Reemplaza a 0120-3800) ISSN-e: 2500-5669

Revista Interamericana de Psicología Ocupacional
Editada por: Centro de Investigación en Comportamiento Organizacional Cincel S.A.S.
Correo de contacto: psicocupacional@cincel.com.co
Carrera 25 A #1-31 Oficina 1102.
Teléfono (57-4) 444 1546
Medellín-Colombia